Visiting Barumini and its territory means discovering a rich history and tradition of the world. From the first moments when you get closer to this small town in the Marmilla, located in the heart of Sardinia, the atmosphere is special, that of a special place, MP since ancient seat of power and the central part of a thriving area and full of wonders as well as via critical communication. The most important of the witnesses of this glorious past is undoubtedly the archaeological site of Su Nuraxi. Discovery and brought to light in the course of the '50s, during excavations conducted by the great archaeologist Giovanni Lilliu, the area is constituted by an impressive complex nuraghe, built in several stages starting from the fifteenth century B.C., and an extended hut village developed all around over the following centuries. A unique place of its kind and for this, now from 1997, UNESCO World Heritage. Su Nuraxi The archaeological site was discovered and brought to light by the archaeologist Giovanni Lilliu during the 40s and 50s for its uniqueness became a World Heritage Site in 1997. The Nuraghic develops in Sardinia long a time span of about 1000 years (1500-500 a.C) creating a social structure very complex and, characterized by community probably divided into social classes to which they belonged families or clans. It is named after the most characteristic monument of the period: "Nuraghe" ??, word meaning "heap of stones" ?? and "cavity" ??, that goes to indicate a type of military architecture with turreted walls. So far across the island have been recorded over 7000 nuraghi (between individual towers and complex nuraghi) and in the territory of Barumini will appear about thirty. Su Nuraxi is the most representative of the complex nuraghi, that consist of more than one tower. Their construction in Sardinia takes place mainly between the Middle Bronze Age and the Bronze Age with strictly military function; very similar to the medieval castles, while it is the oldest of almost 3000 years, served, indeed, to defend the surrounding territory. Subsequently they will be adapted and reused until the Iron Age, and sometimes they will also be used by the people who take over to that nuragica. Su Nuraxi has a cultural stratification over 2000 years, that is from 1500 a.C. VII sec. d.C.. With regard to its implementation we can distinguish different developmental stages encountered by the structures and by the products of the material culture. The main material used in its construction is the basalt, a very hard volcanic rock coming from the plateau of the Jar. In the Middle Bronze Age 1500-1300 a.C. It was built the main tower (the keep), ie the simple tholos nuraghe. The term tholos is used to indicate a frusto-conical tower which presents in its interior circular rooms with projecting walls, and then consist of large boulders that tend to decrease in size as it rises upwards, completed by a cover false vault or false dome. The keep (top about origin 18,60 m) It was constituted by three superposed chambers communicating with each other through the stairs obtained within the thickness of the wall. Later in the Bronze Age 1300-1100 a.C. the tower was leaning against a quatrefoil, a robust body wall schema of four smaller towers joined by rectilinear curtains, oriented according to the four cardinal points, they had to reach 14 meters high. The entrance to the four-lobed bastion, It located in the southeastern curtain, It gave access to a courtyard, a half-moon shape and with the well, which was used to connect the various rooms of the towers. All four were composed by two superimposed chambers, also of circular plan and turn tholos, not communicating with each other. The rooms on the ground have DELLEA loopholes, arranged on two orders, originally separate half-height by a wooden gallery. Also in the Late Bronze he rose the most ancient urban village (of which few traces remain) and they were built 3 Torri dell'antemurale, ie a prepared masonry belt for the external defense of quatrefoil. In the Late Bronze Age 1100-IX sec. a.C. the defense wall was renovated and expanded by the construction of other towers, while the structure of the quatrefoil was rifasciata by a wall ring often 3 meters that went to occlude the original entrance to the ground, thus replaced by a new raised entrance, carved into the wall curtain of the Northeast. This powerful reinforcement intervention murario obliterated also the slits of the basal rooms of the towers of quatrefoil. In the Bronze Final phase they were also constructed the majority of the village housing, circular, consist of a single environment and with a wooden roof of conical shape. One of the most important structures of the nuragic village dating back to that period, It is the "hut 80, also called "hut of the assemblies, the meeting room or curia ". It is a vast circular building that has, along the inner perimeter of an annular seat and in the walls 5 niches, inside which we were found several items related to the sacred ritual and suggesting that the building had place the assemblies of the community. At the beginning of the last period of Nuraghic, VI-IX called the Iron Age sec. a.C., On Nuraxi he went almost completely destroyed and the ruins, close dell'antemurale and archeology, in the early decades of the seventh century. a.C. It was built a new agglomeration, who developed techniques and forms of urban design subtleties typical of a company that was renewing itself and moving forward both internally and for contacts and external stimuli. At this stage the climate became more peaceful and stable and the military life now represented a memory of the past. The new housing types, "The central courtyard cabins or huts in the fields" ??, They had a perimeter wall of circular shape and more bays mostly quadrangular, probably with a wooden roof, converging radially and centripetally around the paved courtyard round. The most important setting is the "round" ??, a small room that originally probably showed false dome, equipped with a low seat and a central basin which was used to contain water, probably used for ritual purposes and for the practice of lustral rites linked to the worship of water. These cabins are currently been brought to light in a small number of nuraghi and those of Barumini reach the higher degree of complexity and evolution. In the fifth century B.C.. the Nuragic civilization took over the occupation Punic and the locals came into contact with a different culture. Apart from the progressive contribution of materials from the Punic city, the physical appearance of the village and way of life of the inhabitants did not undergo a big change; however, there was no development, indeed gradual decay of the town and population decline resulting. In the historical period, II-I sec.a.C., the settlement was reused and adapted by the Romans, that in some cases used some quarters as a burial place. It continued to be inhabited until the third century. d.C. and later he attended sporadically until early medieval period, VII sec. d.C.